Host Multiple Sites on a Single Amazon EC2 Instance

Here’s how to host multiple sites on your EC2 instance running the Amazon Linux AMI.  Remember to make a backup of your instance before proceeding.

Assign a Static IP Address

The first thing you should do, if you haven’t already, is assign a static IP address to your EC2 instance. You can do this in the Amazon EC2 control panel (go to Elastic IPs -> Allocate New Address).  Assign the IP address to your instance, and write it down for later.

Point the URLs to Your EC2 IP Address

So, the next step is to go ahead and point your URL at your EC2 IP address.  Log into your domain hosting account.  In this case, I’ll describe how to do it for Go Daddy. Launch the Domains control panel and click the first domain that you want to point to your EC2 server.

1. Click the tab that says “DNS Zone File”.  You will be editing the A record of the zone file to point to the EC2 IP address.
2. Click the Edit button
3. Click on the IP address in the “@” row at the top.  Write it down, just in case you need to revert back to it.
4. Replace the IP address with the IP address of your EC2 instance.
5. If you want to map subdomains (like “mobile.yoursite.com”), add those as well, but instead of “@” for the host, enter the subdomain name (i.e., “mobile”).  Use the same EC2 IP address in the next field.
6. Repeat this process for all of the domain names that you want to point to your EC2 server.

Setting Up the Server

Now, SSH into your EC2 instance using a terminal window (Mac) or Putty or Cygwin on a PC. There are many online tutorials on how to set this up.  Then follow these instructions.

1. Go to the html folder where your sites will reside.  Usually this is located at /var/www/html
2. Create separate folders for each of the sites you want to host.
3. Next, go to your httpd folder.  Usually this is at /etc/httpd/conf
4. Open httpd.conf using your favorite editor and uncomment this line by removing the hash in front.

   NameVirtualHost *.80
   

   If your httpd.conf file does not have this line, don’t add it.  Newer versions of Apache don’t need it.   (If you are unsure, you can add it and you’ll just get a warning when you restart httpd).

5. Add the following lines to your httpd.conf file for each domain name and subdomain that you want to add.  Below I give three examples.  The middle one shows a subdomain. Substitute your email address, folder names, and domain names as appropriate.

   <VirtualHost *:80>
   ServerAdmin webmaster@yourdomain.com
   DocumentRoot "/var/www/html/website1_folder"
   ServerName yourdomain.com
   ErrorLog "logs/yourdomain.com-error_log"
   CustomLog "logs/yourdomain.com-access_log" common
   </VirtualHost>
   
   <VirtualHost *:80>
   ServerAdmin webmaster@yourdomain.com
   DocumentRoot "/var/www/html/website2_folder"
   ServerName subdomain.yourdomain.com
   ErrorLog "logs/yourdomain.com-error_log"
   CustomLog "logs/yourdomain.com-access_log" common
   </VirtualHost>
   
   <VirtualHost *:80>
   ServerAdmin webmaster@yourdomain.com
   DocumentRoot "/var/www/html/website3_folder"
   ServerName anotherdomain.com
   ErrorLog "logs/yourdomain.com-error_log"
   CustomLog "logs/yourdomain.com-access_log" common
   </VirtualHost>

6. Restart httpd by typing this at the command line:
   > sudo service httpd restart

Did it work? If not, here is one possible cause. There might be another configuration file interfering with this one. Check for another .conf file in /etc/httpd/conf.d.  Often your primary httpd.conf will include another .conf file in this directory. Make sure it doesn’t have some Virtual Host settings which are interfering with yours.  If so, comment them out.

If you are using this to expose something like phpMyAdmin to the world, you might want to add additional security above the native login screen.  This is a great article on how to add an Apache login screen.

Let me know how it went for you.  – Brian

Brian Shim

I am a freelance web developer and consultant based in Santa Monica, CA who uses WordPress, PHP, and JavaScript to create websites and web applications for businesses, nonprofits, and organizations.

brianshim.com